-Add two methods from units 1, 2 and 3 that you like the most and you have to give the reasons of your selection.

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)

Is an approach to the teaching of second and foreign languages, emphasizes interaction as both the means and the ultimate goal of learning a language. It is also referred to as the " Communicative Approach".  

According to the communicative approach, in order for learning to take place, emphasis must be put on the importance of these variables.

Communication: activities that involve real communication promote learning.

Task: activities in which language is used to carry out meaningful tasks supports the learning process.

Meaning: language that is meaningful and authentic to the learner boosts learning.

Learner Roles

Cooperator in the teaching process.

Participatory.

Teacher Roles

Facilitator of the communication process.

Needs analyst.

Adviser.

Act as an independent participant within the learning - teaching group.

The Role of Instructional Materials 

The materials have the main role of promoting the communicative use of language

Types of Materials CLT

Text - Based Materials.

Task - Based Materials.

Typical Features of a CLT Lesson:

Learner/ teacher-centred.

Functional language exercises.

Pair - work, group - work.

"Real - life" interactive activities including information gap, role - play.

Presentation by teacher of new functional language, vocab or structure.

Practice by learning moving from controlled to spontaneous.

Syllabus

Communicative language teaching syllabus organizes the teaching according to the notional and functional categories of language rather than according to its structures.It concentrates on the following:

Interactions: using  language to communicate.

Tasks: using language to  perform meaningful tasks

Learner: putting the learner’s interests, needs in the forefront

Merits of CLT

There are many advantages in teaching according to the communicative approach:

CLT is a learner centered approach. It capitalizes on the interests and needs of the learner.

CLT is a holistic approach. It doesn’t focus only on the traditional structural syllabus. It takes into consideration communicative dimension of language.

CLT provides vitality and motivation within the classroom

Task-Based Language Teaching

Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) refers to an approach based on the use of tasks as the core unit of planning and instruction in language teaching.Task-Based Language Teaching proposes the notion of “task” as a central unit of planning and teaching.

. Task-based training identified several key areas of concern. 1. analysis of real-world task-use situations 2. the translation of these into teaching tasks descriptions 3. the detailed design of instructional tasks 4. the sequencing of instructional tasks in classroom training/teaching

Learner roles A number of specific roles for learners are assumed in current proposals for TBI. Some of these overlap with the general roles assumed for learners in Communicative Language Teaching while others are created by the focus on task completion as a central learning activity. Primary roles that are implied by task work are:

group participant

monitor

risk-taker and innovator

Teacher roles Additional roles are also assumed for teachers in TBI, including:

selector and sequencer of tasks

preparing learners for tasks

consciousness-raising

The role of instructional materials

pedagogic materials

realia

Newspapers

Television

Internet

Conclusion Few would question the pedagogical value of employing tasks as a vehicle for promoting communication and authentic language use in second language classrooms, and depending on one’s definition of a task, tasks have long been part of the mainstream repertoire of language teaching techniques for teachers of many different methodological persuasions.

I chose these two methods of teaching a foreign language, since they are the ones that most closely resemble the teaching of the educational institution where I carry out my observation practices, since the teacher at all levels of teaching puts into practice the method based on homework and communication-based teaching.